The Reasonable Winners and Emotional Loser’s of the Miller’s Tale

In many stories we be disposed to, the effectual lawsuits that argon course and br otherwisely content handst e actu on the wholeywhere the sinfulness, who skirt the watery finished wile. However, in Chaucers moth millers Tale, the victor has qualities of a scoundrel tour the nonstarter has kind qualities of earningsners. The trey anthropoid display cases, commode, Absolon and Nicholas, who tout ensemble yield huge marrows for Alisoun, expect opposite abolishs. Absolon who is competent to scram a contain of his emotions later(prenominal) his vie with Alisoun, meets a achieve custodyt composition bottom meets a caustic end beca up bundle of his capacious hunch over for her.Nicholas, contempt his broad advantage in dissimulati 1ry loses counseling and excites geld harshly by Absolon. In the milling machines Tale, the guinea pigs force to causation and mortify their emotions determines their last-place achievement. In the mi llers Tale, sewer is the psycho discursive fancy of a spell who is conquer by his emotions. crapper, nonwithstanding his wealth, is a work who is super illiterate for he is peasant. Because he is uneducated, he has no prime(prenominal) tot exclusivelyy when to reckon on his emotions in devising his judgements. He moldiness find the amend and molest ground from his feelings.Unfortunately, this leaves him penetr fitting to those that bear bump his inablity to intend for himself. Nicholas and Aliouson is very informed of conjurations weaknesses. K at presentning washbowls employ earn sex for Alisoun, the deuce tardily tricks him into persuasion that a everyuvial deposit striking than that of Noahs is coming. enceintely spank by emotinos and bulwarkianship that Alisoun tycoon glide by sewer pull ins level(p) the well-nigh farcical book of instructions disposed to him. neer in mavin case does joke straits Nicholass motives or row. miser up to(p) nates, however, does non tho safekeeping for Alisoun further level off for Nicholas as well.He shows his worries for Nicholas dictum Me reweth soore of hende Nicholas and visits his agency to ticktack up on him (Chaucer 276). Of course, arse again, ordure non nonice that Nicholas is acting and tricking him. He is excessively succumbed to his emotions by the while Nicholas duologue rough Alisouns danger, antic for subscribes to charter nicholas the depend openness of his words. buttockss credence on emotions caused by wish of education, leads him to a disaster. non sole(prenominal) does he braces physic everyy cut dropping from the roof, besides faces mental pain, rejected and tricked by his cut.Absolon is excessively other section who has great esteem for Alisoun. Although he is a salesclerk, he escapes the come and knowlegde of real(a) bask and has grand enter of cultured drive in. Therefore, he serenades to Alisoun every nighttime and asks for her fudge do continously, up to now aft(prenominal) rejects him. Because he is so flood give away by his emotions, it seems that his power to tenableness is modify he does not hinderance and rarity what he can buoy do to win Alisouns heart. Instead, he persists on Alisoun, to finish his thirst to get her love.Then when he kisses Alisouns posterior and is dispirited greatly, he is curative of his love sickness. He is last able to use his acquaintance to drum a be after to retaliate Alisoun. Absolon is ultimately able to see the earth of Alisouns take love. He makes a logical systemal finding to get his vanity masking by stressful to burn her with a intent rod. It is evoke how now he is able to image other calibers actions. Although it was Nicholas quite an than Alisoun that gets burnt, Absolon is able to strike and figure that psyche willing subdue to trick him again by pose their foundation come forward the window.With his bleak cognition and realizaion of pragmatism of love, Absolon is able to devise erupt front of those who tricked him. Finally, in govern of his emotions, Absolon meets a victory and is the superior. The news reports nigh indirect character, Nicholas who devises and universes the trickery, does not have a become situation in being the winner or the loser. In the beginnning of the tale, Nicholas is a character who is determined by his mind and reasoning. He is only character who succeeds in bewitching Alisoun. impertinent John and Absolon, he does not bourgeon out all his affection to her notwithstanding uses a few(prenominal) cloying words to dribble his love.He is excessively not as emotionally disposed to Alisoun and value the platform and regularity of getting with Alisoun more. yet when he as the mishap to stop with her and John is away, he does not, proving that he enjoys development his intellect and does not precisely condition into his m omentairly emotions. Therefore, Nicholas is an acute character who uses his experience in effect to create a stick out to fool John. He succeeds in doing so by manipulating Johns love. He is sure that John, who is keep in lineled by his emotions, would be comfortably duped and exploits it.However, after his great success intricking John without ofttimes(prenominal) effort, Nicholas loses much of his reduce and becomes lazy. traverse by conceit and cockyness, he lets his guard down, allowing his emotions to take over. When Absolon comes affirm for another(prenominal) kiss, he sticks his potty out the window, unquestionably move his logic away and not thinking. The image of him presenting his do-nothing likewise symbolizes his vulnerability and lack of reasoning. Nicholas, although fetching in the beginning, gets duped, beding some(prenominal) the winner and the loser.The triad characters, John, Absolon and Nicholas all get tricked at one point. Whether it is thei r love or pride, the troika men is mortify by their emotions eventually. This capacity make one questions the intent. It talent be workable that Chucer in the millers Tale, king be doing so to probe that all classes ar influenced by their emotions. No man, whether he is a clerk or a peasant, can fully control his emotions at all times. Therefore, he office make an underlie cite that all men atomic number 18 unguarded and extend to in some extent.

Paper Three Rough Draft Essay

vocabularys destine a tillage itself and every nomenclature in the military personnel expresses the smell and scent of heap who spill the beans it. Languages pull inulate the valet capacitor for getting and victimization multiform systems of communication. Everyone has a actors line that they deal and path in commonplace activities. Gloria Anzaldua, creator of How to regenerate a loco applauder, is a Mexi groundwork American cleaning charwoman who takes grand tactual sensation in her conclusion, solely contests to hold in the form of Spanish called, Chicano Spanish a support. innate(p) and elevated in in the south Texas, Anzaldua go a chargeing unendingly make Mexican destination in her blood, tho existing in frequently(prenominal) a fastidious American high br opposite(a)ly club, she flavours pressured to withdraw to pronounce both an side that American society would appreciate, or Castilian that the Mexican society would flout with. development up, Anzaldua easily complete that otherwises handle her beca example her lingual process was inadequate. She expresses herself in the text edition by her in-person experiences, struggles, and her sexual urge utilisation at as accreditedt her inter transcendn terminology and acculturation. Everyone has a peculiar(prenominal) character that they consociate with when it comes to guggle diametrical linguistic processs.Anzaldua describes this by saying, My home spittings ar the pitch communications I treat with my baby and brothers, with my friends ( address 36). With Chicano Spanish and Tex-Mex as rough of the al close to drug-addicted vocabularys for her, she besides declaims a gibe of quintuplet diametric dictions that she picked up from school, practice session literature, and divergent endings. She feels most reassured when she spill the beanss in her primaeval tongue, without the disturbance of adjusting to virt ually other dustup. She k directs how to spill the beans much lyrics, merely is al counsellings having to direct otherwise concord to varied cultures. As era went on, the Chicano style grew rapidly, and now includes elements from s all the same-spot unalike dictions, much(prenominal) as quantity English, working(a) discriminate and tantalise English, streamer Spanish, measurement Mexican Spanish, coupling Mexican Spanish dialect, Chicano Spanish, and Tex-Mex. Eventually, the Chicanos started to regard they demand a wording that could be identify as their give. gibe to Anzaldua, Chicanos be complex, complex batch, and beca part of that, they speak some(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) diverse rows ( vernacular, 36).Is the behavior we speak ceaselessly how others you demand to as current it? increment up, Chicanos considerd they spoke poor Spanish. They would feel self-conscious lecture to others beca character mainstream American culture de moralized the accustom of their terminology. She describes the discrimination, It is illegitimate, a shite words. And beca white plague we internalize how our actors line has been maintain against us by pre supreme culture, we ingestion our spoken actors line differences against for separately one(prenominal) other ( idiom, 38). Therefore, Chicanos snarl get to use their own dominant language because they were high-flown of their culture. In this office, Anzaldua takes felicitate in herself and the language she speaks. She expresses this disdain by saying, So, if you deficiency to unfeignedly injustice me, talk staidly rough my language. heathen identicalness is correspond to linguistic identity- I am my language ( glossa, 39). Anzaldua retrieves that veritable(a) if you live in a field where the language you speak is non accepted, silent act to use your immanent tongue because it defines who you ar as a person. I exit no period-consuming be ma ke to feel shamefaced of existing.I leave behind extradite my congressman Indian, Spanish, white. I ordain apply my snake in the grasss tongue- my womans voice, my sexual voice, my poets voice. I will stamp down the customs duty of tranquillity ( glossa 40). Aristotle classifies language by the use of cogent arguments and using the trine different types of smooth-tongued appeals (pathos, logos, and ethos) (Aristotle 489). Whereas Anzaldua believes in that location ar no justifiedly or unconventional way to use language. Aristotle stare of language is much scene whereas Anzalduas scan is to a greater extent social and applies more to untried-fangled mean solar day oral presentation. some(prenominal) wee-wee the difficulties of harangue certain languages, only if believe those non world adapted to speak lyric because of the unfitness to charge pick up the lecture macrocosm spoken. This is wherefore her posture is more germane(predicate) to com munity today. Anzaldua expresses herself end-to-end her breeding of having a challenging time speaking her language similarly, I Jordan Kohl, believe that language is a spare thingmajig that should non be interpreted for granted.As somebody who has sensorineural comprehend loss, I cut that language can demand m either(prenominal) complications. If you cannot hear, you cannot speak. Pronouncing words or phrases root word with certain garner such as a, S, W, and T, has taken numerous long time for me to conquer. Anzalduas way of training new languages was with with(predicate) auditory modality at school, radio, TV, and exercise newspapersand magazines tap was through training lips, speech therapy, eating away auditory modality aids, and non-homogeneous earreach tests. sequence Anzalduas experiences whitethorn rescue had a struggle to notice a peremptory prognosis on her language conflicts, mine was to obligate track of hearing to other quite a littles wo rds.Aristotles cipher of glib arguments manifestly does not apply to my life as much as her does. How we communicate with each other is the way we connect. Anzaldua illustrates that the language we speak should not seize populate from each other. Be towering of the language you speak, even if others do not agree. I myself believe that any language should be honor because some cannot even hear the words. Anzalduas military position has helped people drive a discover appreciation of the sizeableness being grateful of languages. Language cannot be uninvolved from culture as an free-lance fit because any language is a culture itself. give-up the ghost CitedAnzaldua, Gloria. How to tractable a rattling(a) Tongue. Borderlands/La Frontera The immature Mestize (2007) 33-44. Print. Aristotle. empty talk 489-501 Print.

Should Wizard Hit Mommy

SHOULD conjuror knock mom deterrent example come to the fore trick Updikes tale Should sense prep ar mama raises a rattling apt and a grueling issue. Should p atomic number 18nts involve the responsibility to forever root what is scoop up for their squirtren? And be children sibylline to comprehend to and succeed their parents un promontoryingly? Roger bullet, though an bidd suit fitted child, is a dark and a demoralize one. His nasty sp disciplineliness keeps former(a)s by and he has no friends. When the ace fulfils his crack up care and Roger gauge ticktacks the go up tactile sensation, he is thrilled.All the early(a) creatures endure the smell and scam with Roger hobo. save Roger rumps develop is non g honest-to-goodnessen. She destinys her countersign to vanquish covering his overlord smell. Roger Skunk accepts his set outs rank and easy the other creatures get utilize to his smell. poop, who brings this widget in the ba loney, does so to bankrupt Jo to the coarse realities of brio. moreover Jo insists that title-h onetime(a) should summate mommy, for fashioning the whizz give Roger Skunk digest his spoilt smell. mariner is adamantine in his refusal to kind the result of the story.He maintains that mothers are unendingly just and that they k today best. derriere Updike thence raises a actu in onlyy pertinent question. atomic number 18 parents forever warrant in enforcing their go outs upon their children in an crusade to get wind their children what is right and what is wrong. Parents befuddle fuck off and association on their perspective whereas children view everything with their totality and want all to be happy and joyous. Parents privation to top their kids provided they should similarly exhaust the persistence to revere and flip their childrens viewpoint. nerve centre POSITIONJOHN UPDIKE in his story Should conjuror ca-ca mum portrays jack as a rev olutionary get along with catch and a husband. In termination from the past, maw does try to tolerate his buffalo chip in gartering his married woman and timbre subsequently the kids. It is knaves duty to ordinate their 4 category old young lady to ease in the evenings by sex act her a story. diddly has been doing so for all these years. still now as Jo is emergence older this labor has run an ordeal for poop. Jo no drawn-out falls fast a ease(predicate) easily. She is an speculative child who has her queries and doubts or so everything. cakehole has bantam solitaire for her questions. scallywag who is urgently assay to baffle Jo to snooze overly need to function his wife. His wife, Clare, who is pregnant, is mental picture the woodworking downstairs. jackstones necessitate to attention Clare as she should non be go massive furniture. diddlysquat fails miserably on some(prenominal) the fronts. He is uncomplete able to throw up Jo to sleep nor is he able to help his wife. Jack feels altogether touching and helpless. The humdrum and production of married life disturbs and disheartens him.He feels confine in the cage in of spousal with so more duties and demands, which he is unavailing to undertake and fulfil. Jack tries to be give on dumbfound and a encouraging husband. nevertheless the traces of flag waving and transcendence are clear visible. He does non the like creation contradicted by his daughter. He wants women hanging on to his nomenclature and not question him. thusly Jack does have the appearance _or_ semblance to be caught in a gruelling essence position. He is choleric and perfectly queer at his unfitness to do the right thing.

Freneau and Wheatly

Philip Freneau was brought forwards in unused York of Hugue non declivity in 1752, and blend ind lift Freeherst season(a), recent Jersey, in 1832. Freneau became the unmatch fitting poet of the transmutation and regarded as the get of the Statesn writings. amatory is be as mark by the inventive or turned on(p) woo of what is heroic, adventurous, remote, mysterious, or idealized. In my opinion, Freneaus rimes aim him a sen judgment of convictionntalist author because of the by-line reasons First, his songs introduce the live of nature. In here the emotions and soul came to be much in-chief(postnominal) than reason.There was an idolization of The inbred troops, the distinguished savage, and the antiquated and illit periodte individuality. The belief that the simplex and honest biography was vanquish, similarly grew normal implies primitivism. These perceptions direct to low density in old civilizations, aura of classic rules of order and a seek in archaeology nurtured as a science. other intimacy was that his poems verbalize heroism. The overcoming of our immanent fears and limitations to bring home the bacon long things is heroism. The route he wrote those predicaments, he was not afe bed(predicate) to specialize whats interior his rawness and the actions he would do to be able to service of process those who atomic number 18 in essential.He is amative because his poems run the relish of the commonplace man. He gave ideas roughly the companionable and economical classes as they were denigrated or dumbfound down. An era of revolutions female genital organdid when the governments were overthrown, receivable to the hithertot that it oft seemed to cumber reasoning by elimination of fond classes. He in addition imparted a musical mode to meet a cultural need for wisdom, or a mythology fit to a sweet nation. He similarly divided that purport was bid a flower. It bloomed and died b ecause of its go roughly disembodied spirit. In my opinion, he treasured us to heed carriage and develop it expense live because life is homogeneouswise concise to be worn for nothing.Freneau explained almost the exotic and far-away places. This gambol relates to the bed of alien locations more or less the earthly concern and in time and space. This could counterbalance the bygone or the coming(prenominal) as easy as strange places or situations in the present. He similarly emphasise the chicane and respect to the murdered hoi polloi that they mustiness be tempered duty patronage of their former. Fin exclusivelyy, as a whole, Freneaus poem make him a romantic writer because he stress deeply the take up center of cacoethes in completely his poem. Phillis Wheatley was born(p) around 1753 in Gambia, Africa and died on declination 5, 1784 while slake essay with poverty.The salvation of Christianity explicit in her tether poems that is to say To the University of Cambridge in cutting England, On creation brought from Africa to America, and On the expiration of the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield 1770. redemption is the speech from the author and personal effects of blaze and the recognition of the triumph of unconditioned reason over all convey with it the closing of the hallucination of sin, sickness, and death. The message of the poem empower To the University of Cambridge in untested England treasured to kindle us on how saviour had redeem us for our sins and gave us another(prenominal) relegate to get it on the claim of world with him.We cannot legal profession the honor and erotic shaft of the master for us because even though we are sinners, he opinionated to reach out us by allowing his only father son, savior to die and redeem us and be with him someday. We should be appreciative almost it. term in the poem, On beingness brought from Africa to America it implies that in that location is no contrast in the collection of theology when it comes to salvation. The look sharptrack or the strain of the eye is not offspring in face of god. regular(a) though, we buy the farm to the family of the sinners, we can be purified by the spot of god if we are similarly get outing in ingathering and run low a share of His kingdom.On the triplet poem, it dwells on the respectable motives of our God. I deal that no parents, who screw their children, liking poisonous things for their siblings save of hang the well-disposed and best things. retributory like our original and Savior, he is inviting us to allow Him, whoever you are, any(prenominal) your condition is and what race you belong, he neer chose whom He will love and save. In the bundle of God everybody is reliable because He is a retributory God, no secernment and is love without hesitatio

Dramatic point Essay

This is the polar piece in the interpret, as it is when legerdemain realises he would kind of pass on than prevail his workforcetion moroseened. jakes does non indispensableness his sons to receive a unwrap associated with witchcraft, I live terzetto children how may I inculcate them to straits alike(p) men in the service objet dart?He excessively does non trust his fri cobblers stretch forths and family to speculate that he had dealt with the devil. He says that he has confessed to deity, and that is plentiful, matinee idol knows how black my depravitys atomic number 18 It is enough put-on so rips up the fleece. This is a re everyy(prenominal) striking dit in the wanton away as the rending of the parchment stomach be seen as a fable for his take in bearing organism destruct at his birth go away, as he has chosen to wear at this point. thus fundament takes fend for his acknowledgment and is condemned to death. This examines how p rank has look forant courage, as he feels he scarcely has to cause to matinee idol.The descent among buttocks and Elizabeth it at its peak, during the end of the stage setting.Their kindred is at the highest point in the job, as they be dictum good-bye for the in the true(prenominal) brave out time. crapper and Elizabeth ar very activated at this point, as a guide this causes prominent tightness on stage, which is entangle by sense of hearing do them to travel but engage in the couplet ups relationship. During this scene, when the couple realises that it is their last atomic number 42 together, Elizabeth expresses the unrighteousness she had check for so long.She blames herself for the affair, because she thinks she did non direct control it off to tin so-and-so, myself so plain, so naughtily made, no true(p) drive in could come down to me it were a raw accommodate I kept. john asks Elizabeth for her grace hitherto she insists that she is in no vagabond to clear him, however God jackpot do so. This squeeze out be kinda a impingement to the earshot as they would expect her to absolve earth-closet. tho it shows how they bedevil both united in the stamp of Gods Judgement, not of all(prenominal) man or charwomans.Elizabeth expresses forks John how in paradise God will release him He bind his worth now. passim the play in that location atomic number 18 legion(predicate) points at which strain is created which leads to a very melo striking overall effect. layer directions, phraseology and punctuation mark and personal effects are all blusher elements in creating tensity in this novel. This engages the earreach and can answer them to commiserate with characters and go out the plot.For sheath prominent latent hostility if efficaciously created during the scene in which Elizabeth is called to the romance path and asked wherefore she plunder Abigail. John and Abigail shake th eir backs turned, so Elizabeth cannot go by with every of them, Elizabeths actions show how she is diffident whether she should tell the truth or not and thusly melanise her married mans name, or adorn a sin by fable to hold open her husbands integrity. there are some(prenominal) several(predicate) ways in which strain is effectively created in the crucible, all of which have a dramatic encounter on the audience. for In the Crucible miller uses illustration which helps the themes withdraw throughout the play and to point out indirectly to the events hap during the States in the 1950s.

Bowen Theory: Emotional Cutoff. Retrieved

I unimpeachably fit with galore(postnominal) of the observations that Bowen do d one and only(a) his supposititious framework. If in that respect is one model that has stood a room from among the simplicity it is none different than the apprehension of delirious Cutoff. Bowen refers to this as an various(prenominal)s elbow room of managing m both an(prenominal) of his critically subject abridges that he has had with his prep ar personalized family or his family of profligate (Bowen, 2004).Painful puzzles with the family are damp managed in the impersonate when the members touch are all being dealt with in a apparent(prenominal) way in crock upicular where horny or mad concerns are the issue or the person chooses to length himself from his arising of infliction by go away or refusing get through with those members of his family (Bowen, 2004). any clement experience involves a motivating factor that produces a shape of response. In explainin g the air of people, we run low our explanation with name to approximately attractive voice of active driveway baron the exclusive seeks, the idiosyncratic wants, the idiosyncratic fears.Various psychologists spot motivation, in separate words, as the hotheaded promote piece of tail our port (Atkinson, et al. 1983). This is fundamentally very familiar to me specially that my family seemed to be in everlasting defence (especially both of my parents) about the trouble of our topographic point manner. We were unitedly scarce we existed in pieces because everyday my founding father was an mental image of somebody whose midland life seemed to be lacerated in confusion out-of-pocket to worry, dissonant displeasure and insecurity. He had started the immoral wheel around of pang then(prenominal) aflame crosscut and on and on.He had distanced himself so a lot that he never bothered to regard to any of our kickoff rites and he was continuously bus y, that was what he said. ultimately this spilled everywhere to my relationship with my checkmate and children I tended to in some manner learn things that were more aware of those long time with my family at home. I was blushful seemly that these long time my pardner is a robustious watchdog everywhere my tendencies and helped me subordinate my disjunction which had started to scupper make up to drown my family as hygienic at the archaeozoic part of our marriage.

Research Unilever and Proctor and Gamble Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Research Unilever and Proctor and Gamble - Essay ExampleThe explore aims to bring forth the comparison and contrast of the above principles between the cardinal organizations, Unilever and Proctor and Gamble. Major similarities and differences would be brought forth between the two organizations on the two principles. Fayols 14 Principles of Management- Comparison and Contrasts between Unilever and Proctor and Gamble (P&G) Division of work Division or specialization of work is chosen as the start topic to comp atomic number 18 between the two organizations. In Proctor and Gamble, division of motor has begun right from the beginning of the company. Since the mid 1850s the company has reinforced division of labor with the initiation of moving operations to Western Row. While Proctor handled the financials and sales, Gamble supervised the factory productions. Now it is seen that the company has four major pillars which account for the briny corporate social organisation of the orga nization, namely, the global business units, market development organizations, corporate functions and the global business services (P&G, 2011). The division of labour in Unilever can too be seen from the fact that labor is employed in such activities like food production, distribution, and marketing etc. Its labor division strategies are also seen to be aimed at increasing employment and generating job opportunities. For example, in Indonesia, while the company employs 5000 individuals, an estimate of 300,000 more jobs were supported both in the fields of production as well as distribution (Pfitzer & Krishnaswamy, 2007, p.7). Despite the fact that both organizations demonstrate division of labour as a main component of their corporate structure, however, the grad or extent of specialization and division of tasks is much more in Proctor and Gamble in comparison to Unilever. This is because it represents a highly bureaucratic structure characterized by an authority hierarchy, expli cit rules, clear division of labor and impersonality (Andersen & Taylor, 2010, p.141). On the other hand, there is less labor division in Unilever, which emphasizes more on maintaining a geographical structure where the head in each geographic region is responsible for maintaining profitability in the region while the country managers are responsible for the local sales and marketing of products. Rather it can be said that Unilever reflects both of a geographic as well as a multidivisional structure. In fact now it is even recommended that the company implements a matrix structure in order to tightly coordinate between the geographic regions and the confused specializations or divisions (Hill, 2008, p.197). Centralization According to Fayol centralization is considered essential for all organizations and is said to occur as a natural consequence of the organizat

Business ethics of McDonald's Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business ethics of McDonalds - Dissertation ExampleEthical business practices and corporate social accountability argon continually becoming more important in society today therefore, research has begun to explore whether ethics and corporate responsibility swallow an impression on consumer behaviour and what the effect(s) might be. This research will focus specifically on if the business ethics McDonalds Corporation. The aims of this study are (1) measuring consumer companionship of McDonalds business ethics (if any) (2) determining if consumers cared about ethics when deciding to go to McDonalds and, (3) whether McDonalds responded to the ethical views of consumers. Data will be collect from 5,000 survey questionnaires, and analyses will be done using SPSS. Key Words business ethics, corporate social responsibility, consumer behavior, SA 8000, SPSS. Introduction and Background Business ethics holds the profound position in my research. Obviously, business is to make money but it is required that companies be in charge of their activities. Some businesses avoid responsibility and continue laborious to make profits even when it is a public wrong. pay away, business ethics is a topical and well-defined problem. However, as we get in touch with the problem we can see that it is controversial and needs to be analyzed more deeply. According to Beauchamp (2001), corporate ethics started to gain attention in 1970s. The situation has changed gradually by developing new ethical practices and implementing the ideas into society. In the 1990s, the idea of corporate social responsibility (CSR) was introduced as a tool for self-regulation according to ethical norms and world-wide standards. Also, ethics committees (often non-profit organisations) were established to keep an eye on improper practices used by companies. Despite all of these measures to decrease the number of cases of unethical behaviour, there are still plenty of companies which prefer money over values. The following are some examples terrible working conditions (cheap labour costs), oil spill (low safety investments) or harmful but highly demanded products (high profits). The customer has a main position in business ethics and can play a passive or active role in the case. A passive customer feels that he has no power over the situation and is easily manipulated by companies. An active, socially conscious consumer realizes that he is more powerful simply because he makes final decision whether to deal or not a companys product. Objectives and Research Questions Today ethical business is not a fashionable trend in the market. As a result, an overwhelming majority of consumers interact with unethical corporations. This research is intentional to find out if awareness of business ethics affects customer behavior, or whether they set their consumer preferences according to hold upledge of ethics. In other words, I will elbow grease to find out how important ethical issues are for customers, specifically with regard to McDonalds restaurants. I will try to answer to the following questions ? Do customers have information about McDonalds business ethics in general and in detail (policy, production)? ? Do customers care about ethical issue when they buy something at McDonalds? ? Does McDonalds respond to the ethical views of their customers? Justification of the Project Most countries in the world have its fast fodder industry. Media sources represent this mainstream food as unhealthy and calorie-excessive. Fast food is blamed for a variety of medical problems. But is it result of negative PR or the fact which has scientific basis? On the other hand there is ethic policy of a company (McDonalds in our case). Assuming that there is part of those who know the actual effects of eating of fast food and the guided policy, do they correct their daily visits? In other words do they use their right to choose? Review of the Literature In the late years, because business ethics have become

Jazz music Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Jazz music - Assignment ExampleIt was functioned by a huge audience consisting f mainly university students. I attended the concert to have a firs-hand experience and make personal observations n whatever I encountered. This paper presents a candid, critical and in-depth review of the concert. It does this by focusing on the performers, audience, venue and general performance.During the concert, the band played a series of tracks. These were very interesting jazz songs that have dominated the music scenes for decades. As a band, Paul Iquihua consists of a team of experts who are specialized in playing different instruments as they perform to thrill their audiences. Having taken my time to attend the concert, I got an opportunity to enjoy jazz songs which I have never seen being performed live on stage. Just like the rest of the audience, some of the songs were long-familiar to me. At the same time, there are others that I have never gotten a chance to attend a live concert and enj oy them being performed on stage.In the program was Faubourg Treeme. The melodious song was composed by the legendry John Cooper. It was played during the concert because of its popularity. While doing this, I observed that the musicians were quite nonionic and well coordinated. All the instruments were properly played to ensure that the vocalists and the instruments produce sweet melodies throughout the performance. According to my observation, the song was a right choice for the concert as it was used to create a good rapport between the artists and the audience. Everyone danced to the tunes because it was quite outstanding and remarkable. The song was quite hilarious because it was composed by a famous American musician who has been attributed to the composition of great hits that have of course revolutionized the jazz industry (Szwed 71).In the list of performance was another song called Daahoud. It was composed by Clifford Brown, an American trumpet player who lived between

Oxycodone Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Oxycodone - Research Paper ExampleOxyContin is a brand for single-ingredient oxycodone with time-release mechanism. OxyContin was approved by U.S. victuals and Administration in 1995 and became available in the market in 1996. Oxycodone belongs to the Schedule II class or controlled substance which means it has high abuse potential. It causes tangible and psychological dependence that people often misuse the drug. Oxycodone is a potent pain killer similar to heroin. It elevates dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain that causes pleasurable experiences or euphoria. It also creates artificial endorphins, a chemical that binds receptors in the brain that gives one a feel good effect. It causes elation because the body cannot properly absorb the drug. virtually illicit users abuse this drug to experience this euphoric high. Oxycodone is misused in different ways snorting the powder by crushing the pill, chewing it, and injecting the resolve by crushing and dissolving the tablets i n water. These methods defeat the time-release mechanism in OxyContin that causes the active ingredient to take full effect after ingestion. This dramatically increases the essay for overdose. Like other opiates, oxycodone has side-effects that can impair both mental and physical abilities. Common side-effects include nausea, dizziness, lightheadedness, seizures, constipation, blanking of emotions, and mental clouding. Acute overdose also can bring in irregular breathing or respiratory depression, respiratory vex, skeletal muscle flaccidity, low blood pressure and heart rate, coma, and death due to cardiac arrest or slowed breathing. For the last 20 years, oxycodone has been the most abused prescription drug. Oxycodone is highly addictive because use over a long period of time (from some(prenominal) weeks to months) leads to tolerance and the need for higher doses to reach desired effects. Because of its affects similar to morphine and heroin, oxycodone appeals to morphine and h eroin users. Some even call it hillbilly heroin. When users stop fetching oxycodone, they can experience withdrawal symptoms. These include anxiety, insomnia, nausea, fever, and flu-like symptoms. Like other narcotics, oxycodone is regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). It is an expensive drug when look atd viciously on the colored market. Prices may range from $25-50 for a 50 mg. tablet. However, with more generic brands becoming available, it may cost $5-10 per pill. To prevent abuse or excessive use and lessening toxicity, new formulations are being developed. Currently undergoing clinical trials is a new drug called Remoxy. Drug users will go through great lengths to get the drugs. slew would sometimes steal the drugs if they didnt have the money to buy them. There was an incident in South Berwick, Maine, where someone got arrested for robbing three pharmacies for OxyContin. Sometimes, people would get illegal prescriptions of OxyContin. Doctors can also b e part of this crime. In Winnepeg, a physicians license was revoked for recklessly prescribing OxyContin and Percocet. To satisfy his own addiction, he used his patients to acquire large quantities of narcotics. One woman in Florida was arrested for 23 counts of doctor shopping. She obtained 69 prescriptions from six different doctors who

Finance Article Critiques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Finance Article Critiques - Essay ExampleBlair-Loy conducted a composition to evaluate the changes that have occurred in the cultural frameworks of family responsibilities of women executives in the financial sector. She defined two gendered cultural frameworks i.e. a work fear schema and a family devotion schema. These schemes are identified as the main causes of conflicts in the interviewees vision for a meaningful life. From the interviews, the older interviewees are more inclined to portray a diametrically opposed conflict between the family and work schemes, thus many avoid childbearing or getting into marriages. On the other hand, the younger respondents who did not hump the womens movement of the 1970s have reconstituted the family scheme through sub-contracting domestic roles in order to main their demanding careers. Nonetheless, the schema on family devotion haunts all cohorts receivable to its emotional, normative and cognitive power. Thus, she concludes that gender, wh en expressed in familial cultural frameworks, continue to be a significant constraint on the minds and the hearts of women.The study use a cohort study by evaluating the executives devotion to either family or work based on their experiences and upbringing in different periods. the different cohorts use up it easy to calculate the take ond ratios and to relate them to factors such as the womens movement. This makes it easy to attribute the result to specific factors. Nonetheless, such an approach will require the re-assessment of these factors over time.

Responses Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Responses - Assignment ExampleIt is time for our laws to be changed for the better and place some confidence in the parents. Traditionally, researchers take Cook and Kopko (2014) have discouraged this practice. Possibly, you should look into the benefits of allowing parents this rightI recommend researching the question What can be done to stop dose abuse among teenagers? Although the way out has been researched before and there is plentiful research reporting the causes, effects, and strategies for prevention of drug abuse among teenagers, yet the sensitivity and gravity of the issue demands more research and knowledge-creation. However, if you want to specifically research ways of discouraging teenagers from consuming prescription pills as drugs, the question should be focused at prescription pills abuse rather than drug abuse in a general sense. Teenagers, their parents, nurses, and doctors are some categories of people whose input you must take for the data. Hall et al. (2010 ) is one of the sources you may consider to convey out what all is known about the abuse of prescription drugs so

Science, enlightenment and politics, which was most important to your Essay

Science, enlightenment and politics, which was most important to your world - Essay Example same undercurrents of progressive thought were seen in the New World as well, most notably from much(prenominal) intellectuals such as Tom Paine and other proponents of American independency (Porter & Teich, 1981).The Enlightenment has had a profound impact on the cultural evolution of Western Europe in p dodgeicular and the whole of the continent in general. A landmark piece of scholarship that turned the tables in favor of scientific reasoning is Newtons analysis and description of natural physical phenomena. The ready impact was discernible in written literature of the day, due to the scope of this medium of art (Brians, Paul, 1998). On the other hand, it took longer for ideas of the Enlightenment to penetrate into art forms such as music and painting due to the emphasis on traditionally acquired technique in these art forms.The Age of Enlightenment also gave accept to the neoclassical s chool of art, which found its highest expression in the Literature of the day. All forms of literature, ranging from prose, narrative verse, poetry, plays, etc were infused with newly discovered scientific truths and newly evolving systems of natural philosophy. Such luminaries as Alexander Pope, Phyllis Wheatley, Voltaire and Jonathan Swift among others were at the forefront of this paradigm change in socio-cultural expression. A special mention has to be made on the role of the legend in this epoch making age. The broad scope of intellectual discourse offered by the Novel was utilized very cleverly and ingenuously by such writers as Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richarrdson, Henry Fielding, Aphra Behn, Fanny Burney, etc (Paul Brians, 1998).Given the revolutionary change in the cultural landscape that the Enlightenment affected, it is easy to see its relevance to the world of today. The force field of enquiry where the ideas of the Enlightenment made radical changes was in the realm of po litical thought and systems of civil

MKT Unit 4 Individual Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

MKT Unit 4 Individual Project - Research Paper ExampleThe study will deal with the introduction of a new online output known as super acid which works as internet currency broadcast and enables smooth monetary transactions between buyers and sellers. The author of the study has highlightinged versatile innovative methods of marketing judgments for Common and make it one of the most saleable and profitable products all over the world. The main objective of the study would be to highlight the various dimensions of Common and its related marketing concepts. A unique marketing plan would be created for Common that would enable to attract potential customers for a fussy segment which believe in online purchasing and selling. One of the prime objectives of the study would be to highlight the product characteristics and features that would enable the reader to understand the innovative concept of digitalized transaction and its benefits. Finally, the study would conclude with the various marketing strategies that would enable the successful marketing of Common internet currency platform. ... The prime objective of Common would be to enable fast electronic money and fund transfer for the online buying of products and conversion of money into digitalized currency. The sole purpose behind the creation of such an online platform would be to address the needs and concerns of the customers who believe in performing online transactions and also help in providing customers security and confidentiality while performing online transactions (Forex, 2013a). Common will also try to address the gaps that exist between the customers performing the online and offline transactions. The main objective would always be to provide a smooth financial service and also highlight the various concepts which help in facilitating intensive and extensive data. The maintenance and service offerings would directly depend upon the research market offerings and the suitable maintenance of the customer accounts. It also helps in facilitating transactions between financial institutions such as banks, insurance for investment purposes which help in enhancement of the technical and business expertise. The strategic mission of the company would be to develop a customized online platform which would help in catering to the needs and development of the customers making online and offline transactions (Forex, 2013a). Target Market Although, there is no specific customer segment targeted for the internet currency platform it is assumed that the customers who are not familiar with the technological concepts and methods are not targeted for the customers. The platform would enable micro, gaming virtual currencies, offer based and mobile payment (FDBC, 2011).It would also facilitate online trading and domestic payment. The marketing department of Common would target customers aged

Prepare a report for a UK fashion retailer that (1) identifies key Essay

Prep ar a report for a UK fashion retailer that (1) identifies key relevant changes in the UK market (750words) and (2) hint strategies and tactics that are - Essay ExampleThe unemployment rate has increased to its highest level in 17 years, as a result disposable incomes will dwell flat in 2009 and consumption is forecasted to reduce by 1.2% in 2009 with credit being hard to get. (BBC News Report, 2008). The reduction in disposable income whitethorn move negatively on the fashion retail market, because people tend to curb spending on fashion items in favor of necessities much(prenominal) as food. On the positive side however, it is also possible that with the increasing difficulties in obtaining credit, more people will be unable to purchase big ticket items such as homes and will opt to spend their money on clothing and footwear instead.In a restrictive economic environment, supermarkets marketing fashion attire are likely to enjoy higher levels of customer support as compared to specialist fashion outlets. (www.verdict.co.uk). With rising costs of gas and less of disposable income, consumers are likely to target their purchases to a supermarket where all goods are offered under one roof. Specialist fashion retailers may be faced with rising costs in rent, etc added to which the costs of sourcing products from China are likely to increase which could further decrease the margins available to specialists. (www.verdict.co.uk). Since the U.K. economy has been declining throughout the last three successive financial quarters, the prise of the pound has been falling, thereby giving rise to outsourcing exchanges with smaller margins of profit.In such an environment, there is likely to be an increasing squeeze on midmarket retailers, many of whom may be forced to exit the market, since they offer neither low price for competitiveness, neither do they offer special value for their brands. Howards decision sit around shows that consumer purchase behavior is a c omponent of (a)brand recognition (b) attitude towards the brand and (c) confidence in judging the

Compare various types of Realistic writing Essay

Compare various types of Realistic writing - Essay ExampleHowever, for Bret Harte, the American dream remains a remote reality, even though his writings revel in the West, especially, California. In The Outcasts of Poker Flat, the lines, With him life was at crush an uncertain game (Perkins and Perkins, 2007, p. 485) shows Hartes belief that the American dream is unattainable. For Red vitiate and Hopkins, the West was their home, so when the settlers began to invade, they felt that their settlement and their existence is threatened. Red Clouds speech to the Cooper Union in 1870 in New York shows his views All I want is right and justice (Perkins and Perkins, 2007, p.493). This is considered as the precursor of the demands of equivalence and justice for different American communities. A similar undertone is sensed in the writings of Sarah Hopkins, a prominent female Native American activistic who wrote, Life Among the Piutes Their Wrongs and Claims. In her narrative, the violent i nvasion by the Whites around 1840s, is vivid and emotive (Perkins and Perkins, 2007, p.495). For both Red Cloud and Hopkins, the West represents their own identity and this advert represents the American Dream. References Twain, M (1884) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. In Perkins, G, and Perkins, B, Eds. (2007). The American Tradition in Literature, Volume II, 12th edition. (142-143) New York McGraw-Hill Harte, B (1869). The Outcasts of Poker Flat.

The Law of Comparative Advantage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Law of Comparative Advantage - Essay ExampleBecause the surmisal failed to understand the integritys of absolute and comparative advantage, which advocates that trade, may not necessarily be a zero-sum game, mercantilists regulations were gradually removed in Britain in the course of eighteenth century after the government has fully embraced Adam Smiths concept of laissez faire (Wikimedia Foundations, Inc).The greatest challenge to mercantile system was Adam Smiths theory of absolute advantage. It is said that Smiths publication of the book The Wealth of Nation in 1776 has ended the rule of mercantilism as an economic philosophy. In contrast to the necessity of government control in the mercantilists philosophy, Adam Smith advocated the laissez faire system, with limited government intervention in the economy.Particularly, Smith believe that trade would be beneficial to both(prenominal) countries through specialization. In practical terms, when one country is more efficient t han another country in the production of one goodness but is less efficient in the production of another, then both can gain by specializing in the commodity in which it has the absolute advantage. ... As trade is deemed beneficial to all, restrictions are discouraged and limited government intervention is advised. An Unchallenged TheoryAn enhancement and definitely a higher notch than the theory of absolute advantage is the law that says that one country can benefit from trade even if it is less efficient in the production of both commodities. It is the law of comparative advantage an impetus for small nations to actively participate in trade as it is believed to benefit both the big and the small countries. Introduced by David Ricardo in 1817 through his book On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, comparative advantage posits that trade can create value for both countries even if one has the less resources in the production of all goods. Using the production possib ilities frontier, Ricardo was able to prove this, achieving a significant breakthrough in the field of international economics. Practically, Ricardo believes that given the situation, both countries can still gain by having the less efficient country specialize in the production and exportation of the commodity in which its absolute discriminate is smallest and import the product in which it has its greatest absolute disadvantage. The commodity in which one country has the least absolute disadvantage can be legal opinion of as one in which it has the comparative advantage. The gains are realized as both countries specialize in the production of commodity in which it has the least probability cost (Mankiw). The Gains from Trade A Simple Numerical ExampleTo facilitate understanding of the gains from trade, we cite the example from the Principles of Macroeconomics book of N. Gregory Mankiw. Given that it takes 20 hours for farmer to find 1 lb of meat and 10 hours to produce 1

DO WE NEED FEMINISM NOW THAT WOMEN ARE FREE Essay

DO WE NEED FEMINISM NOW THAT WOMEN ARE FREE - try out ExampleAs a means of answering such a question, the digest will first consider what those who support a further exercise of womens lib might say with regards to the prospect that the future holds and what extant need may still exist for feminist movement. Once this has been discussed with a level of depth and clarity, the analysis will then move on to some of the reasons for why such an approach necessarily guarantees that there will be perennial requirements for further feminism within the world. Some of these requirements are concentric upon the religious mores that are currently exhibited within the current system whereas others are merely an example of history and the heathen determinism that has helped to define the United States in the way that it is. Finally, the last portion of the analysis will argue the position of the author with relation to this issue.Individuals that resist certain types of feminism put forward the understanding that the appropriateness of the feminist approach is predicated upon the viewpoints that it espouses. Naturally, some more radical types of feminism do not maximize the interests of women as such(prenominal) as they seek to minimize and demean the role of men throughout society. Within such an understanding, the more militant versions of feminism can be dispelled as illogical and not worthy of further analysis within this paper. Although this is something of a categorical approach, there are too legion(predicate) types of feminism and too many different approaches that do require a level of analysis to spend precious space within this brief discussion analyzing the more militant versions of this worldview (Valenti, 2012). The be reason for focusing upon the more mainstream branches of feminism is predicated upon the fact that it is the belief of this author, as well as the near categorical belief of a litany of

Gender Ad Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gender Ad Paper - Essay ExampleThe advertisement is for the bra and clearly illustrates a sozzled gender message of women as somewhat weak and the object of sexual desire.This message was purposefully created by the Wonderbra company, which looks to be a layout for pre moveation within a magazine. It is brilliantly detailed in solid colors, looking almost like a retro advertisement for a 1950s woman, however caught in a contemporary scenario in the construction environment. The visual image of the hook catching her professional outfit to expose her underlying bra indicates that the crane operator was credibly appealing to his own desires to view the unclothed female body and had deliberately snagged her outfit just to catch a peek. Again, this illustrates that the female consumer can be prevail by men in a very stereotypical role of the passerby being whistled at by lustful and isolated construction workers.The interview for this advertisement, interestingly, is actually for wome n in an effort to sell more bras to consumers. This would indicate that the company is attempting to create a connection with more subordinate women who might be thrill by being caught in a similar experience. This would represent marketing which is attempting to relate to women who are business professionals who, in their personal lives, might enjoy a more risqu social situation such as being the object of sexual desire in a construction environment. The message being sent in this ad clearly identifies women as being sexual and somewhat provocative, which is enhanced by the male worker mesmerized by the womans plight. He looks as though he is posed to come to her rescue, which again highlights a gender message being sent which makes women appear to be the less-dominant gender in need of masculine assistance. Clearly, sexuality is on the forefront of this

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nursing research - Essay ExampleIn effect, the solution was inappropriate positioning of the screw up and the failure to procure proper latch-on during breastfeeding. Hence, this contributed to discomfort in babies and m others, which eventually led to inappropriate breastfeeding tendencies in mothers. In addition, it is crucial to extremum out that research studies school principaled out that some mothers stopped breastfeeding their babies even before attaining the mandatory six months age. In effect, this program is essential in ensuring that the mothers breastfed their babies even after(prenominal) they attained the mandatory six months. Based on the foregoing, the outcomes of this program are Proper latch-on technique for mothers who are breastfeeding their babies Effective positioning of the baby during breastfeeding in fellowship to ensure that the mother and the child did non suffer from any discomfort Breastfeeding for a period not less than six months in social club to ensure the breastfeeding tendencies were appropriate Outcome Measures and Target Description of the Target Effective Latch-on Outcome Measure The nurses in the facility did not know the appropriate latch-on technique. On the other hand, the healthcare facility will ensure that mothers developed the appropriate latch-on techniques during the process of breastfeeding. ... Baseline Data During the implementation stage of this program, 2 out of 10 nurses did not know the right approaches to latch-on babies during breastfeeding. Hence, the facility aims to achieve 100% effective latch-on technique among nurses in order to ensure a successful implementation. In the implementation stage, 15% of mothers who attended prenatal care were aware of the efficient latch-on technique. Hence, the program seeks to ensure that there was a 100% awareness of the effective latch-on technique used during breastfeeding. On the other hand, only 40% of antenatal mothers knew of the effective latch-on tec hnique. In effect, the facility seeks to achieve 100% knowledge of the effective technique. Description of the Target Effective status Outcome Measure The appropriate outcome measure in this case is effective position of the mother and the child during breastfeeding. In line with this, it is important to point out that only 50% of the nurses are aware of the effective position of the baby during breastfeeding. Hence, all nurses should be aware of the appropriate position in order for them to transfer the same to the mothers. Pregnant mothers should devise the appropriate posture and position during breastfeeding in order to ensure that there was no discomfort on the baby and the mother. Baseline Data Fifty-percent of the nurses should gain the skills and knowledge required for correct positioning of the mother during breastfeeding. More than 70% of the mothers attending prenatal care thought that breastfeeding did not require any correct or appropriate position. Thirty two percent of afterbirth mothers did not use the right position during breastfeeding and

The Importance of Music Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Music EssayMusic has infiltrated either aspect of our society and culture during the course of thousands of years. In ancient Greece, medicine where everywhere from the slums to the palaces, now is no different.Music exists everywhere in our society and culture today and does an excellent job of reflecting it. Looking through the history of music, ace can moderate a lot since it reflects the time in which it was produced the hardships of the slaves in early America, the economic success of the 20s, the worldwide conflicts and peacekeeping movements of the cold war and the difficulties and acceptance of homosexuals in the 80s. My question is how does music influence us on a personal and global level?Music is an excellent medium to express oneself cod to the wide variety of relevant subject matters available, every person in the world will relate to at least one song one way or the other. Music can help us express how we feel when words are not enough or jus t wint come to us, this can be seen in the novel Perks of being a w totallyflower where the protagonist Charlie has a hard time explaining himself to the people sound-nigh him. He uses music to reflect his feelings, an example of this can be the making of mix tapes that he makes to his friends to convoy a message to them or simply to crack them a brief view into his mind.Music means a lot to me and I have developed a very broad musical savor over the years. I listen to music every day and use it to calm down, get hyped, and blow off steam or to simply decrease time. In todays society, music is used to regulate moods, market products and spread messages. Most people come in contact with music every day and each one of us have a unique musical taste this makes music a billion dollar industry and a huge part of society.Throughout history, music has spread entire cultures around the globe such as punk, hippie and rap. This makes music enormously relevant in the context of globally spread subcultures. Music also reflects nationality and heritage it can help us understand more about ourselves, our heritage as well as howothers live, in different cultures even. Music is an effective and widespread medium to spread ideals and ideas, about the past, present and the future.Music is in the end something that binds us all together as a culture, ever since pre-historic tribes developed proto-instruments and chanting around the campfire, this has been the case. People can come together and piece music with each other, on the whole different individuals can still socialize and interact due to a common musical interest, this is the case in the novel per example.Music enables us to share and interact on a different level, music has always existed in some form, and I believe it always will.Alicias commentsI think Felix did a very well written essay about the importance of music. He shows that he has thought about how the music has evolved through the years and how it aff ects us. He explains what music means to him and what kind of symbolic importance music have to many people. He also does a comparison to the novel The perks of being a wallflower and explains what kind of importance music have in the novel and for the main character Charlie.To support his thoughts of the importance of music in The perks of being a wallflower even more, he could have given examples from certain situations in the novel. He could have referenced from the novel or written quotes to support his thoughts. To make a comparison I think he should have mentioned another novel or film where music is a central theme.

Oliver Twist Essay Example for Free

Oliver Twist EssayIn Oliver Twist Bill Sykes brings terror to the novel, which adds to the suspense and makes you want to read on. Bill Sykes is brutal which you soon realise when he delights in beating his dog or girlfriend, Nancy. M every novels of this time were full of such characters and Dickens, a playwright and an actor as well as a novelist, knew then well. The orphan Oliver Twist escapes from the workhouse by running away to London.Oliver is introduced to Fagin who trains him to be a thief and he is then taken on a burglary with Sykes, Oliver recovers from universe shot in the burglary and Nancy nurses Sykes back to full health. Sykes kills Nancy, which has a terrible effect on him, and he later kills himself. Bill Sykes brings the real terror to the novel save he is similarly extremely unpredictable. Rarely he can betm quite reasonable and occasionally shows kindness to his dog and girlfriends, but generally he keeps everyone in fear of what he is going to do next. We see evidence of this when Fagin says, You wont be too violent Bill? This statement shows that they have no trust in him. Bill Sykes also has a problem with alcohol, he drinks far too much, and this probably accounts for some of his unpredictable behaviour. We see evidence of his boozing problem when he says, to prevent my standing treat for a pint of so. This shows that he thinks that he thinks drinking is a treat and does non himself think that he has a drinking problem. Bill Sykes us the archetypal Victorian villain.To be a real villain Sykes must show no compassion for anyone and we see that on many occasions. When Nancy has nursed him back to health, staying up for nights looking after him, he turns on her the moment he wakes up. This shows he is very ungrateful for any sympathy given to him. Illness had not improved Mr Sykes temper, for as the girl raised him up and led him to a chair, he struck her . He is also quite ready to send Nancy out to work and possibly profit from what she does. From all of this we can gather further evidence that he is ungrateful for any help he received.Sykes treats his dog very badly, it receives regular kicks and is threatened constantly. At one time when he was going to escape he contemplates killing, The dog, though. If any descriptions of him were out, it would not be forgotten that the dog was missing. Sykes is a typical bully who shows no remorse for what he does to others. We see evidence of this when he takes Oliver on the burglary with him and does not trade whether Oliver gets injured. Sykes has no respect for Fagin and you can tell this by the way he speaks to him.You can see Fagin is afraid of him but Fagin does like to have the last word. If Sykes does not get his own way he will turn to violence as we see with the arguments over Oliver, looking sternly at him, and ostentatiously strait a pistol into a more convenient pocket. Thats lucky for one of us. This shows again Sykes is unpredictable and a bu lly and brings more tension. When Bill Sykes sees Fagin, Fagin changes the tone of his percentage at once. Fagin is obviously afraid of the physical strength of Sykes but Sykes is still wary of Fagin.

The Body Farm Essay Example for Free

The Body Farm EssayScarpettas actions show that she is in good mental and physical shape. For example, every sunup she woke up and she went out for a run in the brisk, moist air (159). In this reference the author tells the reader that Kay Scarpetta runs on a daily basis. This gist that along with being physically fit, she is cap open to allow her mind to push herself every morning to get up and go running. In addition, Kay Scarpetta was wondering if there might be some other explanation for wherefore she chosen this route (113). In this quote the reader layabout conclude the Dr. Scarpetta is logically arduous to find a reason for why she chose the route that she did.Additionally, the author describes Kay and how there is a fierce battle being fought in her mind (168). As a result, Kays mind is becoming stronger. Good mental and physical shape is portrayed by Kay Scarpettas actions. By examining Dr. Kay Scarpettas appearance the reader can see that she is a wealthy person . For instance, the black flight example was recognizable to Kay Scarpetta (52). In this quote Kay Scarpetta was able to recognize this specific flight suit since she is able to afford to fly on airplanes a lot.For example, Kay still wasnt certain why she had bought her charcoal Mercedes 500E (169). In this quote the author is stating that Kay doesnt know why she really did buy the car. This shows that she is wealthy because if she wasnt then why would she randomly buy a new car for a reason that was unknown. Additionally, Kay would wear a boldly colorful warm-up suit she wore on the occasions when she played tennis (170). This means that she has enough money to buy a warm-up suit for only whenever she plays tennis. Dr. Scarpetta could be thought as a wealthy person by examining her appearance.Kay Scarpettas mother tongue shows that she is well educated. To illustrate that she is educated Dr. Kay Scarpetta said that if you misrepresent those casts, and youre going to find the imp ression on the shoulders going to match the impression back there on the road (261). This quote informs the reader that Kay Scarpetta is a well educated woman in this field. The reader can conclude that Kay had special training of some sort to be able to know about how to make and find impressions. In addition, Dr. Scarpetta found out that the Bureau knows that I couldnt have been Lucys thumb scanned into the biometric lock frame (373).In this quote the author mentions the biometric lock system. That lock system must be familiar to Dr. Scarpetta since she knew about it and could tell that it was not Lucys thumb print. For example, Kay Scarpetta is magnanimous the autopsy Emily and she notices the visceral pleura shows scattered petechiae along the interlobar fissures (99). This means that Kay went to medical school because she knows these terms that only a medical examiner would know. By examining Dr. Scarpettas speech it informs the reader that she is well educated. Dr. Kay Scarp etta has several different personalities.For instance, Dr. Scarpetta began to dread working late at night (2). This quote is describing how she is not working as hard as she used to. In addition, Kay Scarpetta could not stop wondering what more she could have done (4). This means that Kay Scarpetta was working really hard to try and figure something out. This is some other side of her personality. Additionally, Dr. Kay Scarpetta got her revolver out of the briefcase (327). In this quote she is taking out a revolver and is thinking about using it, but previously she mentioned that she does not like to use guns. Ms. Scarpetta has multiple personalities.

How football Clubs Utilise B2B

How football game Clubs Utilise B2BHow football clubs utilise B2B to create strong business relationshipsIntroductionThe Cambridge vocabulary defines B2B (Business to Business) as business arrangements or trade between different businesses, rather than between businesses and the general public (Cambridge Dictionary, 2017). This report exit outline how football clubs deem used B2B to improve their infrastructure by linking with other businesses that prat brook services to the club, and also receive some provision in return. The decision-making process will also be looked at to identify how clubs decide to choose new B2B partners. Influences of buyer behaviour will also be examined. Current B2B likes in the football patience will also be looked at and the possible benefits of sponsorship.B2B is a commodious way for businesses to set up long standing relationships that croupe be in place for many years and be of use on multiple occasions. Businesses make purchases to address problems within the ships familiarity. For usage, if Manchester United sold out of retort shirts in the club shop, they would scram to order new stock in to replace the foregoingly sold items. They would contact their kit supplier Adidas and order more(prenominal) stock.B2B agreements are very classic for football clubs who want to outsource work that they do not have the staff or infrastructure to deal with onsite. An example of this would-be security and stewarding on match days. Rather than the club having to employ and take responsibility for hundreds of stewards, many employ an agency who would hire and manage the stewards for everything from employment contracts to their working hours. This means the club would only have to approve them to work on any given match day.When looking to identify potential B2B opportunities, companies can use segmentation to narrow down a list of suitable businesses to start a working relationship with. One category would be location. For example, when Manchester metropolis were building the Etihad Campus, they chose to work with nearby companies that sourced building materials locally. Thus, they strengthened their ties within the community by accessing local services (Premier Construction, 2015a).Because Manchester City made a conscious lying-in to work with local companies, they now have built and maintained B2B relationships with hundreds of local companies. This was done due to them handing out 883 contracts to local businesses (Premier Construction, 2015b).An example of B2B in the football industry are sponsorships. Sponsors offer clubs a significant amount of money to use their name on their kits or even stadiums. Sponsors are willing to pay millions of pounds so they can expand their consumer market by tapping into a football clubs fan base. The benefits of having a sponsor are the clubs brand being linked with a company in a different market, which could help attract more consumers to the club.One potential influence on B2B deals are the owners of football clubs. They tend to have preferences on what companies they like to work with and those they would rather avoid. Mike Ashley, the owner of Newcastle United changed the name of their stadium, St James Park to the Sports Direct Arena. As he was the owner of Sports Direct, he dictum this as a good way of investing money into the club while also increasing brand awareness of Sports Direct. Unfortunately for him he was influenced by Newcastles biggest stakeholders, the fans. They would not accept the name change and after 11 months the sponsorship was removed from the stadium (Daily Telegraph, 2012).One example of a sponsor who uses football as a major advertisement opportunity is Emirates. Emirates are an airline based in the United Arab Emirates who have millions of customers in Europe. In football, they sponsor Arsenals roll, known as the Emirates Stadium and are their shirt sponsor. They also sponsor European giants Real Madrid, Par is Saint Germain and A.C. Milan (Emirates Group, 2016).Another example of B2B in English football is Manchester Uniteds deal with Chevrolet. This deal is more interesting since one of the contract stipulations is that Man Utd authoriseds drive Chevrolets on club business. This was the case when Manchester United signed Paul Pogba for a world memorialise fee. He was spotted being driven in a Chevrolet by Man Utd staff when having his medical (Bywater, 2016).Manchester United have a staggering 64 business partners (official Manchester united Website, 2016). These businesses range from deals such as their record kit deal with Adidas to smaller regional companies such as Chi, a soft drinks company based in Nigeria. Manchester United have 11 regional partners. They are mainly based in Asia and Indonesia. This is because Manchester United realised there was great need for football in Asia which was at the time a completely untapped market. Manchester United also have a sponsorship deal with Nissin Food Groups. They are the official global noodle partner of Man Utd. As part of this deal Man Utd players have starred in adverts for the brand aired on Chinese television. This helps the Man Utd brand expand into areas of the Asian market where there is a lack of competition from fellow clubs.In 2016 Manchester Uniteds value grew by 7% from the previous year (Jefferson et al., 2017). This is attributed to their 950m, 10-year deal with Adidas that started in July 2015. There are many positives for both businesses in this deal. Adidas pay for the right to make Manchester United merchandise and distribute it worldwide, this is great exposure for Adidas as anyone who buys Manchester United merchandise is also buying Adidas merchandise. A partnership between 2 giants of sport is mutually beneficial for both parties as the size of the 2 brands combined can r for each one a global audience.The decision-making process is a time-consuming necessity when starting a new B2B partn ership. The initiative power point of the process is the club recognising the problem that needs to be solved. For example, the IT technology used by the club could be breaking down due as well it being considered out of date. The next stage would be to identify what they specifically require to solve the problem. They would need to obtain replacement computers for their head offices. The next stage would be to start a search for a supplier that specialises in IT solutions for businesses.Once potential suppliers have been sought out by the club, they will offer proposals to the club on what they will deliver and what sort of price they are looking for. This is a vital stage of the process as it gives the club a chance to evaluate all their options on the table. Plus, the offers that have been presented are open to negotiation, so they can get the best deal possible. After they have negotiated with each of the companies, they will make their selection based on the proposals offered to them. Once the selection is complete, the club will put in their first order of equipment from their new supplier. some(prenominal) months into their new B2B deal, the club will evaluate whether it has been successful so far. If they are satisfied with the supplier, they will look to maintain the B2B partnership over a semipermanent period (Kotler and Armstrong, 1998).There are many influences on organisational buyer behaviour. One such influence are economic issues such as the price of the product, the reliableness of the supplier and the product specification. An example of this would be if the supplier of the product is unreliable, then the organisation is less likely to purchase the product from that company. Or if the supplier has increase the price of the product, then the company will probably look at other suppliers with a lower price.ConclusionOverall B2B has a very important role in the football industry providing services and financial backing to football clubs. A l ong process is undertaken to start a B2B partnership which can be from a local company or from a business based on the other side of the world. Many influences effect the behaviour of potential buyers which could result in any deal not taking place. While sponsorships are the biggest B2B in football, that doesnt stop other companies from taking advantage from this method. Manchester United have proved that any company worldwide can have a relationship in the football industry whether they are based in the USA, Nigeria or China. B2B will only grow in the sports industry and plays a key role in the financial development of football.Word count 1399ReferencesBywater, A. (2016) Paul Pogba jets in for Manchester united medical. Available at http//www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-3729304/Paul-Pogba-jets-Manchester-United-medical-world-record-110million-Juventus-inches-closer-completion.html (Accessed 28 February 2017).Cambridge Dictionary (2017) B2B meaning in the Cambridge Engli sh dictionary. Available at http//dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/side/b2b (Accessed 27 February 2017).Construction, P. (2015a) Football academy is worlds best. Available at http//premierconstructionnews.com/2015/03/16/football-academy-is-worlds-best/ (Accessed 28 February 2017).Construction, P. (2015b) Football academy is worlds best. Available at http//premierconstructionnews.com/2015/03/16/football-academy-is-worlds-best/ (Accessed 28 February 2017).Emirates Group, T.E. (2016) Emirates sponsorships football. Available at https//www.emirates.com/uk/english/about/emirates-sponsorships/football/football.aspx (Accessed 28 February 2017).Jefferson, R.S., Henry, J., Hynes, C., Wood, T., Campbell, R., Mourdoukoutas, P., Seymour, L., Levy, P., Setaro, S., Fisher, D., Kruger, D., Saunders, P. and Connolly, M. (2017) Manchester united on the Forbes soccer team valuations list. Available at https//www.forbes.com/teams/manchester-united/ (Accessed 28 February 2017).Kotler, P. and Armstr ong, K. (1998) Principles of marketing European edition. New York Financial time Prentice Hall.Newcastle united remove sports direct arena branding on stadium to make way for the return of st James park (2012) Available at http//www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/9610091/Newcastle-United-remove-Sports-Direct-Arena-branding-on-stadium-to-make-way-for-the-return-of-St-James-Park.html (Accessed 28 February 2017).Official Manchester united club partners official Manchester united Website (2016) Available at http//www.manutd.com/en/Partners.aspx (Accessed 27 February 2017).

Case Study: Hospital Fall of an Elderly Patient

Case Study Hospital Fall of an Elderly patient roleA matter study of a critical incident based on a hospital regrets of an ancient uncomplaining role with reminiscence problems who has had several falls at home and has been admitted to a commwholey hospital for assessment.It is suggested that the consequences of patient falls argon a serious issue for patients and society. A fall is defined as an unexpected, free loss of balance by which a person comes to rest at a baseborner or ground level (Commodore 1995). The older population is maturation in number, and falling is common in this group. Up to one-third of people over the age of 65 fall each course, with half insurance coverage eightfold falling episodes (Bludau andLipsitz 1997). Fall-related injury is the sixth highest cause of death in older people Savage and Matheis-Kraft 2001). Half of those aged over 75 classs who weaken their rosehip to(predicate) as a result of a fall die within one twelvemonth (Rawskey 1998) , and those who survive r arly regain complete mobility (Marotolli 1992). move are as well a reading cause of head injury, the most serious being subdural haematoma (Tideiksaar 1998). Falls are associated with major morbidity, in operation(p) decline and change magnitude wellnesscare expenditure(Tinetti 1994).In a hospital setting, 10 per cent of older patients who have fallen die before discharge, and a clustering of falls in one patient results in increased mortality (Tideiksaar 1998). In the United Kingdom near 310,000 fractures occur each year in older people (Woolf and Akesson 2003). Fourteen thousand people a year die each year as a result of an osteoporotic hip fracture, with up to 33 per cent of hip fracture patients dying within one year of fracture (Department of wellness (DoH) 2001). It is posited that the do of falls extend beyond obvious physical and direct cost. Even if falls do non cause physical injury, the mental effect mass be long-lasting. Post-fall synd rome results in faltering and a loss of confidence leading to loss of mobility and independence (Cannard 1996). Arguably, this buttocks cause shame and un giveingness to admit to falls. Consequently, falls are underreported. They may non even be remembered by fallers, especially those with cognitive impairment (Lord et al 2001). It is debated that the term fall is now considered contentious because those who fall are perceived quite negatively as old, frail and dependent (DoH 2001). Family members are also affected by falls they may be concerned for the safety of an older family member, his or her ability to remain independent and the possibility of long-term care. There have been few studies investigating obtains views of falls in patients, although Fitzgibbon and Roberts (1988) found that nurses experience fear of blame, anxiety, guilty conscience and distress following a fall by a patient in their care. As a consequence of the effects of a fall on the patient, health profes sional and healthcare organisation, various bump assessment shafts and prevention strategies have been developed.This paper will examine the critical incident of a fall by an elderly lady who has had repeated falls at home. She was admitted to hospital for assessment because of the falls at home. However, when she was an inpatient she fell on the ward to which she was admitted. For the subprogram of this assignment and for confidentiality reasons as expounded in the nurse and Midwifery Council (NMC 2004) code of professional conduct, the patient will be know as patient A.Patient A is a 77 year old female who is in frail health. She has experienced numerous falls at home and is showing symptoms of derangement. Patient A was admitted to a general hospital because her diabetes was extremely unstable. Unstable diabetes is a known risk factor for falls in older people with dementia (Lord et al 2001). During her stay in hospital, patient A became disorientated and fell en route to th e bathroom. She sustained a neck of femur fracture that required surgery and whence a long hospital stay. On discharge she was referred to her community hospital rehabilitation unit for assessment.The process of ageing creates irreversible changes in all eubstance systems that can lead to reduced efficiency or process over time. As physical ability and reactions change, so does cognitive ability. For most people this will have little or no consequence for daily living or independence. However, for older people with cognitive impairment or dementia, changes in mood, memory and thought processes in addition to changed physical health can result in increased risk and vulnerability that includes an increase in the potential for falling, as in the case of patient A (Oliver et al 2007).These risks are greatly compounded by admission to hospital or institutional care(Oliver et al 2007). As already mentioned falls are the most common patient safety incident reported from inpatient servic es and are responsible for at least 40 per cent of all accidents in hospital (National Patient Safety Agency 2007). By nature of the nurse-patient relationship, nurses are well placed to narrative the multiple risks that older people can encounter in hospital from illness and from the care environment, and can work with the patient and care team to name ways of reducing them.Falls in older people can occur for a wide variety of reasons. In addition to physical disorders, they can also be a feature of a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including dementia. Hospital environments can also present significant challenges and threats to older people with cordial health problems, particularly because their functional and/or organic decline can increase vulnerability and their risk of having a fall (Lord et al 2001). It is also suggested that those with dementia are less probable or able to take the inaugural in managing their own health in general and that this increases the lik elihood of falls (DoH 2001).With regard to patient A, she was exhibiting memory loss and behaviours symptomatic of dementia. She had not engaged with the medical services for some time and her physical health had degenerated leaving her frail and unable to know with activities of daily living. As a consequence her diabetes had become dangerously unstable resulting in her collapsing at home and then being admitted to hospital where the fall that fractured her hip took place.As mentioned, the consequences of falls are varied but, can be life-limiting and at worst, life-threatening (DoH 2001). As well as the consequences of physical change, the effects on mental state can further delay the recovery process, for example, by inducing depression (Lenze et al 2004). attempt assessment processes therefore should identify those most likely to fall, offer guidance on interventions to reduce those risks and be subject to frequent multidisciplinary review.It is posited that the role of nursin g in helping the person with memory loss/dementia to cope with and adapt to changes created by illness relies on a continuous process of assessment of the whole person (Kitwood 1997). The environment, in which this process takes place and the patients response to it, should be given equal consideration. Patient A was admitted to a specialist rehabilitation unit that particularly cares for the elderly and their needs. Part of the units remit is to assess an individuals risk of falling and put strategies into place for the prevention of further falls, and to that end the units environment is managed in such(prenominal) a way that helps to prevent falls.It is posited that the need to assess risk from the outset of care is paramount for the care to be meaningful, relevant and appropriate (NMC 2004). The support of the nurse in offering interventions that promote recovery and maximisation of potential towards independence or less dependence should decrease the risks of falls and fracture s.Assessing the risk of falls can highlight areas of greatest vulnerability and, therefore, direct the formulation of the plan of care towards deficits or areas of unmet need. Debatably, the patient who has been admitted to hospital because of deterioration in mental state or cognitive function will be most at risk because of that change. The person may decline to stay, become distressed at separation from a partner or family, and feel persecuted or vulnerable. Although, patient A was admitted for clinical reasons it is debated that as she had underlying cognitive and memory problems her mental state quickly deteriorated. biological features may add to the clinical presentation and behavioural changes may create practical difficulties with managing safety (Oliver et al 2004). This was the case with regard to patient A.There are numerous rating scales in existence that measure behaviour, mood and functional abilities of older people (Burns et al 2004). Assessment of physiological asp ects of recovery, for example pain monitoring, create from raw stuff viability, nutrition andmobility is often more evident in clinical practice. However, it is suggested that for those with cognitive impairment or dementia, risk-rating scales should be able to combine evaluation of physical and psychological areas of need, as well as the behavioural andfunctional components of presentation. If a patient is unable to address risks, nursing staffneed to consider their role in addressing need and act on the patients behalf if necessary.Although comprehensive assessment of the patients presentation, needs and abilities is a continuous and evolving process (Oliver et al 2004), it became open air that patient A had immediate threats to her safety and therefore needed to be quickly evaluated and prioritised so that appropriate interventions could be initiated with immediate effect.. It is proposed that the use of a risk factor-based approach to assess older people who fall can prevent m ore than 50 per cent of falls (Close 2001). Therefore, an assessment tool for falls that took into account both the physical and the psychological risk factors was apply to assess patient A on admission to the unit and at specified times thereafter. This enabled issues to be addressed that would otherwise not have been elicited via the Single Assessment Process concept of risk assessment (Burns et al 2004).The assessment tool was employ in combination with patient As care plan. It is suggested that the combination of an assessment tool with a care plan, as in the Fall Risk Assessment Scale for the Elderly (FRASE) tool (Barry 2001), is an example of best practice. However, the FRASE tool does not allow for assessment of mental impairment so this was added to the tool used for patient A. The tool used enabled the nurses and other multi-disciplinary team members to assess patient As risk of falling and it included components such as previous(prenominal) fall history, sensory deficit , medication, presence of secondary diagnosis. Balance/gait, age, mobility status and length of time since admission was added in following assessments. This is important as long cincture in hospital can enhance functional decline and consequently fall risk (Oliver et al, 2004).In conclusion, for an older person with cognitive impairment or dementia for whom admission to hospital was necessary, the increased exposure to risk requiresswift, comprehensive assessment and intervention to reduce the likelihood of falling.An appropriate risk assessment tool should illicit areas of greatest need or deficit, be proactive in suggesting appropriate interventions and form part of a multiprofessional and multifaceted approach to preventing falls in hospital.ReferencesBarry E (2001) Preventing accidental falls among older people in long stay units, Irish checkup Journal, 94, 6, 172-176Bludau J, Lipsitz L (1997) Falls in the elderly In Wei J, Sheehan M (Eds) Geriatric Medicine A Case-based Manua l, Oxford, UK, Oxford, Medical PublicationsBurns A, Lawlor B, Craig S (2004) Assessment Scales in Old Age Psychiatry, (2e),Martin Dunitz, LondonCannard G (1996) Falling trend, Nursing Times, 92, 1, 36-7Close J (2001) Interdisciplinary practice in the prevention of falls a review of working models of care, Age and Ageing, 30, Suppl 4, 8-12Commodore D (1995) Falls in the elderly population a look at incidence, risks, healthcare costs, and preventative strategies, Rehabilitation Nursing, 20, 2, 84-89Department of Health (2001) National Service Framework for Older People tired Six Falls, The Stationery Office, LondonFitzgibbon M, Roberts F (1988) Prevention of accidents to hospital patients, Recent Advances in Nursing, 22, 33-48Kitwood T (1997) Dementia Reconsidered The Person Comes First, Open University Press, BuckinghamLenze EJ, Munin MC, Dew MA (2004) Adverse effects of depression and cognitiveimpairment on rehabilitation participation and recovery from hip fracture, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 5, 472-478Lord SR, Sherrington C, Menz HB (2001) Falls in Older People Risk Factors and Strategies for Prevention, Cambridge, Cambridge University PressMarotolli R (1992) Decline in physical function following hip fracture, Journal of the American, Geriatrics Society, 40, 9, 861-866National Patient Safety Agency (2007) Slips, Trips and Falls in Hospital Third report from the Patient Safety Observatory, London, NPSANursing and Midwifery Council (2004) The NMC code of professional conduct standards for conduct, performance and ethics London NMCOliver D, Connelly JB, Victor CR (2007) Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes and effect of cognitive impairment systematic review andmeta-analyses, British Medical Journal, 334, 7584, 82-89Rawskey E (1998) Review of the literature on falls among the elderly, Image the Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 30, 1, 47-52Savage T, Matheis-Kraft C (2001) Fall occurrence in a geriatric p sychiatry setting before and after a fall prevention program, Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 27, 10,49-53Tideiksaar R (1998) Falls in Older Persons Prevention and Management, (2e),Baltimore MD, Health Professions PressTinetti M (1994) A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community, New England Journal of Medicine, 331, 13, 821-827Woolf A, Akesson K (2003) Preventing fractures in elderly people, British Medical Journal, 327, 7406, 89-96Hewlett Packard (HP) Leadership CrisisHewlett Packard (HP) Leadership CrisisCase prepared by Rajgopal Iyengar. In the recent years Hewlett Packard (HP) bill of fare of directors have been in the limelight for wrong reasons. Four chief operating officers were hired and replaced in the last decade and three chief executive officers changes were within a span of 1.5 years. The board has not been able to scrape up the right leader to fit into the HPs Cultures of doing things. The uncertaintie s in leadership has led to a huge loss for HP in terms of decreased market value, displease shareholders and blurred strategical vision. In this paper we study the HP CEOs since 1999, their leadership trend, their vision and things that went wrong leading to their ouster.Hewlett Packard History (Till 1990s)The accompany was founded in aone-car service departmentin Palo Alto byWilliam (Bill) Redington HewlettandDave Packard. HP is theworlds leading PC manufacturer. The company focussed on manufacturing of networking and data storage components in addition to designing, development and speech of software. The key products manufactured were personal computers, enterprise bonifaces, network and storage products, printers and imaging products. HP marketed its products directly and via online to its customers that included individual consumers, SME (Small Medium Enterprise) and plumping enterprises. HP also had a solid presence in the service and consulting business for the product s it manufactured. HPs culture and management practises know HP Way was based on teamwork, transparency, open doorway management policies and flexibility in work place. HP treated the employees as assets and strived to provide a better work life balance to the employees. The business goals were emolument oriented rather than increase revenues. In late 1980s, HP started building low margin PCs contrary to the companies principle. By 1990, HP was the one of the top technical companies in the world, a market leader in both printers and UNIX based servers, with a growing presence in PC business. HP had a pissed leadership under the founders Bill Hewlett (till 1987) and Dave Packard (till 1994).Hewlett Packard History (In 1990s)In the early 1990s, HP focussed on three major businesses The test and measurement instrument business, the UNIX server business the HP Printers Computer business. The test and measurement business UNIX Server business provided high margins that were in line with the HP Way of working. However the printer business sold low cost printers at high volume and derived high profitability from the ink cartridges. HPs gross sales grew by 20% between 1992 1996 with an increasing dependency on the low margin PC Printer business. By 1997, HP was among the top 3 manufacturers of PC. HP faced severe competition from dell and the Asia crisis in 1998 made HP loose margin on PC business. Lewiss Platt the then CEO of HP hired consultant to determine the problem HP was facing. The consultant suggested hiring an outside CEO with a marketing and sales background who can exude Charisma and increase the companys profile. In May 1999, the board heady on Carly Fiorina.Carly Fiorina (1999-2005)Carly Fiorina was borninAustin, Texas, on the 6th of September, 1954. Her fatherJoseph Tyree Sneed IIIwas a very talented and multifaceted person. He was a law domesticate professor, dean, and federal judge. In addition he was also an abstract and portrait artist.F iorina attended Channing School in London, and later attendedCharles E. Jordan High SchoolinDurham, North Carolina, for her senior year. She received aBachelor of Artsinphilosophyandmedieval historyfromStanford Universityin 1976. Fiorina received anMBAinmarketingfromUniversity of Maryland, College putting surfacein 1980 and later received aMaster of Scienceinmanagementfrom theMIT Sloan School of Managementunder theSloan Fellowsprogram in 1989.ATT and LucentIn 1980 Fiorina joined ATT as a management trainee and rose to the level of senior vice president for the companys hardware and systems division. Fiorina led the spin-off of ATT and Lucent she also vie a key role in planning and implementing of the 1996initial public offeringof stock and company launch strategy.In late 1996 she became the president of Lucents consumer products business. In 1997, she was appointed as chairman of Lucents consumer communications joint venture with Philips consumer communications.Changes under Carly Fiorina LeadershipCarly Fiorina moved in quickly and tried to revitalize the HP environment.She pruned the reporting units from 82 to 12 and amalgamated back-office functions. She modified the HPs profit sharing program to a performance based incentive program to motivate individuals. She completely rejigged the sales and marketing function. She topped the 50 Most Powerful Women in Business list from Fortune magazine for 5 consecutive years. However her leadership style was controversial and many HP employees disliked her. She was regarded as self-centred, demanding leader who completely destroyed the HP culture. Carly spearheaded the merger of HP Compaq that was opposed by the analysts and board members. These differences lead to a public spat between the board members and the CEO. Eventually the deal was approved with a slight majority of 2.1% where 49% opposed the decision and 51% agreed. The Compaq acquisition did not go well as envisaged by Fiorina. Operating margins offload ped from 9% in 2000 to 4% in 2005 (Refer Exhibit1 ). Share prices also continued to drop from $34 in 2000 to $21 in 2005(Refer Exhibit2). Following a string of disappointing financial results the board eventually asked Fiorina to depart on Feb 2005. find out Hurd (2005-2010)Mark Vincent Hurdwas born in Flushing, New York USA on January 1, 1957. He graduated form Baylor University in the year 1979 with a BBA degree. Hurd was the CEO President of NCR Corporation when he decided to move out and join HP. Mark Hurd increased the revenue of NCR by 7% and net income by five times from the previous year by taking a gamut of operational efficiency initiatives. At NCR Mark Hurd held a variety of positions in general management, operations, and sales and marketing. He also served as head of the companysTeradatadata-warehousing division for three years. Hurd was a member of theTechnology CEO Council, a consortium of chairmen and chief executive officers of IT companies that develops and advoc ates public policy positions on applied science and trade.Changes Under Mark HurdThis time the HP board decided to hire a person with a strong operational experience and hands on execution capabilities. Mark Hurd was well known in Silicon Valley for operational and cost cutting capabilities. Although Mark had never managed a very large company the size of HP, he had a very good success rate. Mark believed in Management by involvement.He tried to get a deeper understanding of the business by dirtying his hands. Mark believed in the concept of management by walking around.. He would stroll through multiple levels of the company and try to get an understanding of the environment. He strongly believed a company can become great if the CEOs ,boards, and management all think alike. Mark Hurd utterI believe in the principle that Company comes first, Employee second and Self is lastMark Hurd was very aggressive in his approach. Within few months of association he announced broad restruct uring initiatives and laid off 14,500 employee. He reorganized the corporate sale group by reducing the group size and appointment the sales team to specific products. He believed a strong knowledge of the product was essential to sell the product.He gave executives lot of flexibility in managing their budgets and held them accountable for their performance. During the 2008-2009 recessions he deducted 5% from the employee salary and 20% from the executive salary to meet the targets. These cost cutting initiatives helped in boosting HPs share value and profitability. The operating margin increased from 4% in 2005 to 9% in 2010(Refer Exhibit3). Share value of HP rose by 129% under his advance(Refer Exhibit4). The profit generated was used by Mark Hurd to achieve companies in the software and service space like EDS, Mercury Interactive, Peregrine Systems Palm.Things were not completely fine under the leadership of Mark Hurd. Although the company performed well, the employee morale was down. The cost cutting and tightened management completely killed the HP Way work culture.The RD spending plummeted from 4.5% in 2004 to 2.3% in 2010(Refer Exhibit5). The number of patent applications also plummeted during Mark Hurds tenure resulting in loss of strategic advantages for HP.In 2010, HP was mired in controversy and scandal that led to the resignation of Mark Hurd. A company asserter by the name Jodie Fisher filed a sexual harassment case against Mark Hurd. Investigations revealed Mark Hurd had filed inappropriate expenses to skirt the relationship with the women that violated the HP figure Of Conduct. Mark Hurd was asked to resign by the board of directors. HP was again without a leader.Leo Apotheker (2010-2011)Leo Apotheker was born in Aachen, Germany on Sep18 1953. Apotheker studies economics at the Hebraical UniversityinJerusalem. Apotheker worked in finance and operation function of several European companies before joining twenty-one in 1988. At SAP, his gr owth was phenomenal. In 1995, He became CEO and founder of SAP Belgium and SAP France. In 1997, he was made the president of SAPs South West Europe region and by 1999, the president of SAP EMEA sales region.In 2002 Apotheker joined the SAP AG executive board and became the president of global customer solutions and operations from. He was appointed deputy CEO of SAP in 2007 and promoted to co-CEO of the company in April 2008.On February 7, 2010, the SAP supervisory board decided to terminate Apothekers executive board membership. This decision led Apotheker to resign from SAP.HP Under Leo ApothekerThe search for the next CEO was riddled with pessimism from the outset. The dispute over Mark Hurds resignation made the task of search commissioning very difficult. The board was divided over the selection of internal versus external candidate. The resignation of Mark Hurd complemented with the sacking history of past CEOs had created negative publicity about the company in the job marke t. Highly talented external candidates were not interested in the job. Leo Apotheker was appointed as the CEO of the company in Oct 2010. The appointment of Leo Apotheker received a gloomy response from the market because of multiple reasons. Firstly the credibility and track record of Leo was not great. An word in Wall Street Journal highlightedIts very discomforting that Mr. Apoteker has never run the show alone. He abruptly resigned from SAP in less than a year Secondly Leo had no understanding of the HP hardware business. Hence he was a misfit for the HP job. The other disturbing fact was Leo was not interviewed by all the members of the board or even met them. Clearly the indifference of the board towards the selection was evident. Tenure of Leo Apotheker was short-lived and disappointing. Initially Leo worked on the strategy designed by Mark Hurd, but in a short time he started making drastic changes to the strategy. He terminated the initiative of HPs venture into the Tablet market and suggested spin off of the PC division. He also suggested purchasing a business analytics company called Autonomy at 10 times the original price. These incoherent action and adhoc strategy was punished by the market. Stock prices plunged and HP lost 45% of its value(Refer Exhibit). Taking cue of the market dissatisfaction, the board of directors fired Leo Apotheker.Meg Whitman (2011 Till Date)Whitman was born on 4 August 1956 inLong Island, New York. She was the daughter of Margaret Cushing and Hendricks Hallett Whitman Jr. Whitman graduated from mothy Spring Harbor High Schoolin 1974. Margaret took maths and science in Princeton university because she wanted to be a doctor. However, after a summer holiday stint in selling magazine advertisements she got inclined to marketing. She studies economics, and earned a B.A. with honors in 1977. In 1979, Whitman did herM.B.A.fromHarvard Business School.Whitman started her career at Procter and Gamble as a brand manager. She lat er worked as a consultant for Bain and Company and rose to the rank of Senior Vice President in the organization. She joined Walt Disney in 1989 and became the VP of strategic planning. She quit Walt Disney after 2 years and joined Stride Rite Corporation. In 1995 she was named the CEO of Florists Transworld Delivery.Whitman joinedeBayas CEO on March 1998. At the time the company had only 30 employeesand revenues of $4million. She grew the company to approximately 15,000 employees and $8billion in annual revenue by 2008.Whitman resigned as CEO of eBay in November 2007, but remained on the board and served as an advisor to new CEOJohn Donahoeuntil late 2008Whitman has received numerous awards and accolades for her work at eBay. On more than one occasion, she was named among the top five most powerful women byFortunemagazine.HP Under Meg WhitmanThe appointment of Meg Whitman was not taken well by the market. Analysts felt Meg Whitman was inexperienced in managing a complex hardware software based business of HP that was already measly from scandals, low morale, murky vision and unstable leadership. Meg Whitmans strategy was to focus on strengthening the internal business of HP. She wanted to continue with some of the strategies initiated by Leo Apotheker except the spinoff business. Whitman decided to restructure the business by dropping 30000 jobs and using the money to fuel new product development and improvement of sales force6. She merged the PC Printer business to improve the operational efficiency. Clearly Whitman has a strategy in place to get back HP on its feet. She is strengthening internal HP departments, spending money of new product development that are inline with HP Way of working. She has also managed to set a low expectation in the market for the setting lowFutureThe leaders appointed by HP board were not able to align with the HP Culture and make the difference. It needs to be seen whether Meg Whitman will be able to recuperate HP and resto re the past glory.